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Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1890 1988), affectionately known as Bacha Khan, Badshah Khan and Fakr-e-Afghan among his people, and Frontier Gandhi in India, was born in Uthmanzai in the North-West Frontier Province of British India. His life was dedicated to the social reform of the Pukhtuns and he continues to be revered across the world by them. In India, he is known for his close association with Mahatma Gandhi and his leadership of the Khudai Khidmatgar (Servants of God) movement from 1930 47 the most successful and sustained Gandhian non-violent campaign anywhere in the world. The Khudai Khidmatgars or Red Shirts were key allies of the Congress who formed three governments in the NWFP despite brutal opposition from the colonial regime. Badshah Khan s success in creating a disciplined non-violent movement in a Muslim and Pukhtun context that emphasized justice, courage, respect for women and pluralism, continues to inspire today